Comparison of Criminal Provisions on Cybercrime In Indonesia and Singapore
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31328/wglr.v2i1.709Keywords:
Comparison, Singapore, Indonesia, Legal System, Cyber SecurityAbstract
This article compares the cyber law frameworks of Indonesia and Singapore, two key Southeast Asian countries in the digital era. Using a normative juridical and comparative approach, the study analyzes similarities and differences in the regulation and implementation of cyber laws, focusing on the scope of cybercrime, procedures for digital evidence, personal data protection, and international cooperation. The findings show that Singapore adopts a more integrated and risk-based approach, particularly in personal data protection and critical infrastructure security, while Indonesia’s framework remains broader but less specific. Both countries face challenges in law enforcement and cross-border cooperation, but Singapore demonstrates more effective institutional coordination. The study recommends legal harmonization, capacity building, and enhanced regional collaboration to address evolving cyber threats in Southeast Asia. These insights contribute to the development of more robust and adaptive cyber law policies in the region.
References
Access Partnership. “Norms For Cybersecurity in Southeast Asia: Policy Options for Collaborative Security in the Southeast Asian Region,” 2017, 20. https://ccapac.asia/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Norms-for-Cybersecurity-in-Southeast-Asia.pdf.
Ali, Zainuddin. Metode Penelitian Hukum. 1st ed. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2009.
Anonymous. “Cybersecurity Policy Making at a Turning Point.” OECD Digital Economy Papers, no. 211 (2012): 0_1,2,4-56. http://search.proquest.com.library.capella.edu/docview/1223514107?accountid=27965%5Cnhttp://wv9lq5ld3p.search.serialssolutions.com.library.capella.edu/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ABI/INFORM+Global&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/f.
Apriansyah, Muhammad Ikhya, Maria Maya Lestari, and Evi Deliana. “Efektivitas Asean Treaty On Mutual Legal Assistance ( Amlat ) Dalam Menghadapi Kejahatan Transnasional Di Negara Indonesia” 5, no. 1 (2024): 50–61.
ASEAN. “Asean Cyberthreat Assessment 2020 Key Insights From the Asean Cybercrime Operations Desk,” 2020. https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ASEAN_CyberThreatAssessment_2020.pdf.
ASEAN Secretariat. “Badan Siber Dan Sandi Negara (BSSN),” n.d.
Asosiasi Profesional Privasi Data Indonesia. “Data Protection Law in Singapore – Privacy and Sovereignty in an Interconnected World,” n.d. https://appdi.org/data-protection-law-in-singapore-privacy-and-sovereignty-in-an-interconnected-world/.
Association of Southeast Asian Nations. “ASEAN Cybersecurity Cooperation Strategy (2021-2025).” Asean.Org, 2022, 1–14. https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/01-ASEAN-Cybersecurity-Cooperation-Paper-2021-2025_final-23-0122.pdf.
Brenner, Susan W. “Cybercrime: Criminal Threats from Cyberspace.” Cybercrime: Criminal Threats from Cyberspace, 2010, 1–283. https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.48-0685.
Choo, Kim Kwang Raymond. “The Cyber Threat Landscape: Challenges and Future Research Directions.” Computers and Security 30, no. 8 (2011): 719–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2011.08.004.
“Computer Crime Act Di Singapura,” n.d. https://www.cybercrimelaw.net/Singapore.html.
“Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime,” n.d. https://www.coe.int/en/web/cybercrime/the-%0Abudapest-convention%0A.
Cybersecurity Act 2018. “REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE GOVERNMENT GAZETTE ACTS SUPPLEMENT (Cybersecurity Act No.9 2018),” no. 9 (2018): 72.
Edmon, Makarim. Kompilasi Hukum Telematika. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2003.
Efendi, Jonaedi. Ibrahim, Johny. Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif Dan Empiris. 1st ed. Depok: Prenamedia Group, 2018.
Hanna, Michael. “Exploring Cybersecurity Awareness and Training Strategies To Walden University,” 2020.
Interpol. “CONNECTING POLICE FOR A SAFER WORLD 2020 Contents,” 2020. www.interpol.int.
Ioannidis, Nikolas. “Personal Data Protection.” Border Control and New Technologies, 2021, 61–80. https://doi.org/10.46944/9789461171375.4.
Ishak, Nurfaika. “Guarantee of Information and Communication Technology Application Security in Indonesia: Regulations and Challenges?” Audito Comparative Law Journal (ACLJ) 4, no. 2 (2023): 108–17. https://doi.org/10.22219/aclj.v4i2.26098.
Kandy, Samra Al, Tamrin Fathoni, and Arief Fahmi Lubis. “Evolution and Challenges of Cyber Law in the Digital Era : Case Studies in Developing Countries” 1, no. 1 (2024): 1–10.
Ketaren, Eliasta. “Cybercrime, Cyber Space, Dan Cyber Law.” Jurnal TIMES 5, no. 2 (2017): 35–42. https://doi.org/10.51351/jtm.5.2.2016556.
Khalid, Rasyikah Md, and Ainul Jaria Maidin. Good Governance and the Sustainable Development Goals in Southeast Asia. Good Governance and the Sustainable Development Goals in Southeast Asia, 2022. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003230724.
Kshetri, Nir. Cybercrime and Cybersecurity in the Global South. GOVERNING GLOBAL PRODUCTION, 2013.
Kuzemko, Caroline. “The Importance of Transformative Politics,” n.d.
Munabari, Fahlesa, Eko Daryanto, Stanislaus Riyanta, and Margaretha Hanita. “Cyber Espionage in Indonesia : Legal Challenges and The Role of Institutions in the Digital Era” 8 (2024): 109–31.
Nugraha, Riko. “Perspektif Hukum Indonesia (Cyberlaw) Penanganan Kasus Cyber Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Dirgantara 11, no. 2 (2021): 44–56.
Nurse, Jason R. C., S. Jajodia, P. Samarati, and M. Yung. “Cybersecurity Awareness. In: Encyclopedia of Cryptography, Security and Privacy.” Kent University Repository, 2021, 1–4.
Obet, Dedy, Suharto Suharto, and Henri Mujoko. “Cyber Cooperation in the Framework of the Asean Regime.” Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi Ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan Yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity 7, no. 2 (2021): 254. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v7i2.1264.
Oecd. “Cybersecurity Policy Making at a Turning Point. Analysing a New Generation of National Cybersecurity Strategies for the Internet Economy.” Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 2012. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k8zq92vdgtl-en.
OECD. “OECD Policy Framework on Digital Security: Cybersecurity for Prosperity,” 2022.
Putra, Budi Kristian Bivanda. “Kebijakan Aplikasi Tindak Pidana Siber (Cyber Crime) Di Indonesia.” Pamulang Law Review 1, no. 1 (2019): 1. https://doi.org/10.32493/palrev.v1i1.2842.
Ramadhan, Iqbal. “Building Cybersecurity Regulation in Southeast Asia: A Challenge for the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).” Journal of Social and Political Sciences 3, no. 4 (2020). https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1991.03.04.230.
Republik, Indonesia. UU ITE Nomor 19 Tahun 2016, Pub. L. No. 19, 44 Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 287 (2016). file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/Downloads/UU Nomor 19 Tahun 2016.pdf.
Rizal, Muhamad, and Yanyan Yani. “Cybersecurity Policy and Its Implementation in Indonesia.” JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) 4, no. 1 (2016): 61. https://doi.org/10.21512/jas.v4i1.967.
Saefullah. Jurisdiksi Sebagai Upaya Penegakan Hukum Cyber Space. Pusat Studi Cyber Law Fakultas Hukum UNPAD, 2009.
Singapore Parliament. “The Statutes of The Republic of Singapore Computer Misuse Act 1993,” no. December 2021 (1993).
Smith, Robert Brian. “Complexity of Legal Harmonisation in Southeast Asia: A Diversity of Legal Systems & Languages.” Athens Journal of Law 10, no. 2 (2024): 233–54. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajl.10-2-4.
Suhendi, Dadang, and Erwin Asmadi. “Cyber Laws Related to Prevention of Theft of Information Related to Acquisition of Land and Infrastructure Resources in Indonesia.” International Journal of Cyber Criminology 15, no. 2 (2021): 135–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766552.
Tan, James, Wei Xian Tee, Adam Parsons, and Alyssa Radlett. “ASEAN Cyberthreat Assessment 2021.” Interpol, 2021, 5. https://www.interpol.int/content/download/16106/file/ASEAN Cyberthreat Assessment 2021 - final.pdf.
Thailand, the Union of Myanmar and the Kingdom of. “Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters.” Sustainability (Switzerland), 2006. http://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/1091/RED2017-Eng-8ene.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2008.06.005%0Ahttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/305320484_SISTEM_PEMBETUNGAN_TERPUSAT_STRATEGI_MELESTARI.
The Law Revision Commission. “The Statutes of The Republic of Singapore Personal Data Protection Act 2012,” no. December 2021 (2020): 124. https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/PDPA2012?ViewType=Pdf&_=20210111164941.
“United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),” n.d. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/cybercrime/home.html.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ferlina Mutiara Farah, Halimatus Khalidawati Salmah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
