Authorship Criteria & Author Contributions

1. Authorship Eligibility and Criteria

Authorship is reserved for individuals who have made substantial intellectual contributions to the research and accept responsibility for the published work. In accordance with ICMJE recommendations, all listed authors must fulfill the following four criteria:

All four authorship criteria must be satisfied. Individuals who meet these criteria should be listed as authors, while those who do not should be acknowledged appropriately.

2. Author Contributions (CRediT)

BMB requires manuscripts with multiple authors to include an Author Contributions statement using the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT). This taxonomy identifies the following 14 roles:

An author may perform multiple roles, and the same role may be assigned to several authors. CRediT provides transparency about research contributions but does not independently determine eligibility for authorship.

3. Corresponding Author Responsibilities

The corresponding author is responsible for communication with the BMB Editorial Board throughout manuscript submission, peer review, publication, and post-publication.

The corresponding author must ensure that all listed authors meet the authorship criteria, approve the manuscript, agree on authorship order, and provide accurate affiliations and contribution statements. All authors remain accountable for the integrity of their work.

4. Non-Author Contributors and Acknowledgments

Individuals whose contributions do not meet all four authorship criteria should be recognized in the Acknowledgments section, with their permission.

Funding acquisition, general supervision, administrative assistance, technical editing, language editing, or proofreading alone does not justify authorship.

5. Authorship Order and Changes

The order of authors must be collectively agreed upon before manuscript submission. Requests to add, remove, or rearrange authors must include a written explanation and documented agreement from all listed authors and any individual being added or removed.

Authorship changes are subject to editorial review. Changes after publication may require a formal correction to the scholarly record.

6. Unacceptable Authorship Practices

BMB prohibits gift or honorary authorship, ghost authorship, coercive authorship, and misrepresentation of individual contributions.

Academic seniority, institutional position, supervisory authority, or financial support alone does not confer authorship eligibility. Artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors, and their use must comply with the journal's AI Usage Policy.

7. Authorship Disputes

Authors should resolve authorship disagreements collaboratively before submission. When disputes remain unresolved, BMB may request supporting documentation or suspend editorial processing while clarification is sought.

Formal determination of disputed authorship may be referred to the relevant affiliated institutions. The Editorial Board will determine appropriate publication-related actions based on available evidence and applicable ethical guidelines.

8. Author Contributions Declaration

Manuscripts with multiple authors must provide an Author Contributions statement using names or initials consistently. All listed authors must approve the contribution declaration before submission.

Editorial Board
Bulletin of Management and Business (BMB)
Universitas Widyagama Malang